Fig. 6

Multipotent adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) differentiation into four different cell lineages. For verifying the multipotency of isolated ADSC from normal and tumor breast tissue, cells were differentiated into the osteogenic, chondrogenic, adipogenic and endothelial cell lineages. Osteogenic differentiation was demonstrated by Alizarin red staining (a, g, m), chondrogenic differentiation by Alcian blue staining (b, c, h, i, n, o, t, u), adipogenic differentiation by Oil Red O staining (d, j, p) and endothelial-like capillary tube structures (e, f, k, l, q, r). Negative control groups cultivated in standard cell culture medium, but without additional supplements, showed no positive staining (s-v). Normal (NORMA)4 mammary epithelial cells represented a negative control for endothelial-like tube assays (w, x). Bar = 200 μm. IFDUC invasive inflammatory ductal carcinoma, TRIDUC triple-negative ductal carcinoma