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Table 2 Comparison of bone health between exercise and usual care groups

From: Aerobic and resistance exercise improves physical fitness, bone health, and quality of life in overweight and obese breast cancer survivors: a randomized controlled trial

 

Baseline

Post-intervention

3-month follow-up

Between-group difference post-intervention

Mean (SD)

Mean (SD)

P valuea

Mean (SD)

P valueb

Mean (95% CI)

P valuec

Calcium (mg/dL)

 Exercise

10.3 (2.6)

13.7 (1.9)

0.09

13.4 (1.7)

0.10

3.4 (5.0 to 1.6)

0.10

 Usual care

10.5 (2.5)

9.9 (2.6)

0.67

–

–

25(OH)D (ng/dL)

 Exercise

21.7 (4.4)

27.8 (6.7)

0.09

27.4 (6.5)

0.09

6.1 (9.8 to 4.3)

0.10

 Usual care

21.5 (4.1)

20.9 (4.0)

0.57

–

–

Osteocalcin (ng/mL)

 Exercise

12.1 (3.1)

15.0 (4.1)

0.01

14.7 (3.5)

0.01

3.1 (5.6 to 1.5)

0.01

 Usual care

12.3 (3.4)

12.0 (3.0)

0.61

–

–

BSAP (ng/mL)

 Exercise

16.1 (4.6)

18.0 (5.0)

0.01

17.7 (4.6)

0.01

1.9 (2.4 to 0.55)

0.001

 Usual care

16.2 (4.3)

15.9 (4.2)

0.55

–

–

CTX (ng/mL)

 Exercise

0.48 (0.1)

0.44 (0.2)

0.07

0.44 (0.2)

0.07

−0.04 (−0.10 to −0.06)

0.10

 Usual care

0.47 (0.1)

0.48 (0.2)

0.74

–

–

NTX (nM BCE/L)

 Exercise

18.6 (3.1)

17.7 (2.8)

0.10

17.8 (2.7)

0.11

−0.90 (−1.1 to − 0.6)

0.12

 Usual care

18.4 (2.7)

18.3 (2.5)

0.67

–

–

RANK (pg/mL)

 Exercise

27.4 (6.8)

26.7 (6.4)

0.14

26.6 (6.1)

0.14

−0.70 (−0.9 to − 0.4)

0.20

 Usual care

26.9 (6.6)

26.4 (6.5)

0.34

–

–

RANKL (pmol/L)

 Exercise

142.5 (18.9)

146.1 (16.1)

0.09

145.7 (16.2)

0.09

3.6 (5.1 to 1.2)

0.14

 Usual care

139.8 (18.1)

148.8 (18.9)

0.47

–

–

Whole body BMD (g/cm2)

 Exercise

1.22 (0.1)

1.27 (0.1)

0.15

1.26 (0.1)

0.16

0.05 (0.04 to 0.02)

0.15

 Usual care

1.20 (0.1)

1.19 (0.1)

0.29

–

–

Lumbar spine BMD (g/cm2)

 Exercise

1.16 (0.09)

1.20 (0.09)

0.09

1.20 (0.1)

0.09

0.04 (0.03 to 0.01)

0.10

 Usual care

1.15 (0.09)

1.14 (0.09)

0.57

–

–

Total hip BMD (g/cm2)

 Exercise

0.91 (0.09)

0.94 (0.09)

0.17

0.94 (0.09)

0.17

0.03 (0.03 to 0.00)

0.18

 Usual care

0.90 (0.09)

0.89 (0.08)

0.23

–

–

Trochanter BMD (g/cm2)

 Exercise

0.72 (0.07)

0.74 (0.07)

0.18

0.74 (0.07)

0.20

0.02 (0.03 to 0.00)

0.22

 Usual care

0.71 (0.06)

0.70 (0.06)

0.43

–

–

Femoral neck BMD (g/cm2)

 Exercise

0.88 (0.1)

0.90 (0.1)

0.21

0.88 (0.7)

0.24

0.02 (0.03 to 0.00)

0.21

 Usual care

0.87 (0.1)

0.86 (0.1)

0.23

–

–

  1. Abbreviations: SD standard deviation, CI confidence interval, BMD bone mineral density, RANK receptor activator factor-kappa B, RANKL receptor activator factor-kappa B ligand
  2. aP value for repeated measures ANOVA comparing changes in the exercise group from baseline to post-intervention, and in the usual care group from baseline to post-intervention
  3. bP value for repeated measures ANOVA comparing changes in the exercise group from baseline to 3-month follow-up
  4. cP value for mixed model analysis comparing changes between the exercise and usual care group from baseline to post-intervention