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Fig. 3 | Breast Cancer Research

Fig. 3

From: Paternal malnutrition programs breast cancer risk and tumor metabolism in offspring

Fig. 3

Paternal low-protein (LP) diet programs the mammary gland epigenome of female offspring. a Differentially methylated genes in PND50 control and LP mammary glands (green, hypomethylated; red, hypermethylated; n = 3/group) assessed by MBD-seq. b Pie chart showing the percentage of small RNAs mapped to specific subtypes in in PND50 control and LP mammary glands (n = 4/group) assessed by RNA-seq. c Heatmap showing differentially expressed miRNAs in PND50 control and LP mammary glands. d Fold-change of differentially expressed tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) in PND50 LP mammary glands compared with controls. e,f Validation of differentially expressed miRNAs in control and LP mammary glands (n = 7–10/group) and tumors (n = 12/group) (mean ± SEM) by qPCR. Significant differences versus the control group were determined by t test. *P < 0.05, #P < 0.07

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