Fig. 6

Collagen XIII enhances activation of the TGF-β pathway. a Western blot analyzed TGF-β-induced Smad phosphorylation in control and Col13^−/− MDA-MB-231 cells. b Bar graph quantifying TGF-β-induced TPA response elements (TREs)-driven luciferase activity in control and Col13^−/− MDA-MB-231; n = 3; ** p < 0.01. c Western blot analyzed TGF-β-induced Smad phosphorylation in control and Col13-expressing MCF-10A cells. d Bar graph showing TGF-β-induced TRE-driven luciferase activity in control and Col13-expressing MCF-10A cells; n = 4, *** p < 0.001. e AIIB2 treatment reduced the level of TGF-β-induced Smad2/3 phosphorylation in Col13-expressing MCF-10A cells. Western bolt images (left) and quantification (right); n = 3; *** p <0.001; n.s., no significance