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Table 6 Tea consumption and risk of breast cancer a

From: Coffee and tea consumption and risk of pre- and postmenopausal breast cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort study

Daily tea intake

Total

No intake

Low intake b

Moderately low intake b

Moderately high intake b

High intake b

P trend c

Per 100 mls

Number of participants

299890

99667

58966

54485

52280

34492

  

Number of breast cancers

9344

3043

1704

1738

1680

1179

  

Premenopausal breast cancers

        

Adjusted Hazard Ratio (95% CI)d

 

0.90 (0.73-1.12)

1.00

0.98 (0.80-1.21)

0.97 (0.79-1.20)

0.98 (0.77-1.26)

0.624

1.00 (0.98-1.03)

Postmenopausal cancers

8407

2771

1486

1566

1510

1074

  

Adjusted Hazard Ratio (95% CI)e

 

0.99 (0.92-1.06)

1.00

1.00 (0.93-1.08)

0.98 (0.91-1.06)

0.95 (0.88-1.03)

0.375

1.00 (0.99-1.00)

ER+ and PR+ subtype

2817

903

496

477

543

398

  

Adjusted Hazard Ratio (95% CI)f

 

1.03 (0.91-1.15)

1.00

0.98 (0.86-1.11)

1.05 (0.93-1.19)

1.02 (0.89-1.17)

0.866

1.00 (0.99-1.02)

ER- and PR- subtype

959

268

177

182

180

152

  

Adjusted Hazard Ratio (95% CI)g

 

1.12 (0.91-1.38)

1.00

0.99 (0.80-1.22)

1.03 (0.83-1.27)

1.12 (0.89-1.42)

0.941

1.00 (0.98-1.02)

Analysis by cohort-wide intake

        

Adjusted Hazard Ratio (95% CI)h

 

0.91 (0.74-1.13)

1.00

1.04 (0.85-1.27)

0.94 (0.75-1.17)

0.97 (0.75-1.25)

0.770

1.00 (0.98-1.03)

Adjusted Hazard Ratio (95% CI)i

 

1.01 (0.93-1.09)

1.00

1.01 (0.94-1.10)

1.01 (0.93-1.10)

0.99 (0.91-1.08)

0.998

1.00 (0.99-1.00)

  1. aIncludes 299890 participants, following exclusion of participants from Norway where data on tea intake is not available. bCut-off points are based on country specific quartiles of tea intake after exclusion of non-tea consumers. c P for trend is computed by entering the categories as a continuous term (score variable: 0,1,2,3,4) in the Cox model. dIncluding only premenopausal breast cancers (that is, breast cancer diagnosed before the age of 50 years), and participants who were premenopausal at recruitment. Model is stratified by study center and age at recruitment, and adjusted for age at menarche, ever use of oral contraceptives, age at first delivery, breastfeeding, smoking, education, physical activity level, alcohol intake, height, weight, energy intake from fat sources, energy intake from non-fat sources, saturated fat intake, fruits and vegetable intake, coffee intake. eIncluding only postmenopausal breast cancers (excluding participants with premenopausal breast cancers). Model is stratified by study center and age at recruitment, and adjusted for age at menarche, ever use of oral contraceptives, age at first delivery, breastfeeding, menopausal status at recruitment, ever use of postmenopausal hormones, smoking, education, physical activity level, alcohol intake, height, weight, energy intake from fat sources, energy intake from non-fat sources, saturated fat intake, fruits and vegetable intake, coffee intake. fHormone receptor status was only known in approximately 67% of patients with breast cancer. This analysis includes only estrogen receptor positive and progesterone receptor positive postmenopausal breast cancers, fully adjusted as in model 5. gHormone receptor status was only known in approximately 67% of patients with breast cancer. This analysis includes only estrogen receptor negative and progesterone receptor negative postmenopausal breast cancers, fully adjusted as in model 5. hIncluding only premenopausal breast cancers. Using tea intake in cohort wide categories (no intake, quartile 1, quartile 2, quartile 3, quartile 4), and fully adjusted as in model 4. iIncluding only postmenopausal breast cancers. Using tea intake in cohort wide categories (no intake, quartile 1, quartile 2, quartile 3, quartile 4), and fully adjusted as in model 5. CI, confidence interval, ER, estrogen receptor; PR, progesterone receptor.