Table 2 Selected characteristics of study subjects by ethnicity: postmenopausal women

Risk factors

   Age (years)

56.3 (4.6)

54.8 (3.8)

53.4 (2.5)

55.9 (4.2)

56.0 (4.5)

   Weight (kg)

72.5 (16.6)

55.8 (9.8)

70.5 (18.1)

66.6 (15.7)

63.7 (17.0)

   BMI (kg/m²)

26.8 (6.2)

23.2 (4.7)

25.9 (6.8)

25.6 (5.4)

23.3 (5.2)

   WHR

0.77 (0.07)

0.77 (0.08)

0.80 (0.09)

0.80 (0.06)

0.75 (0.11)

   Age at menarche (years)

13.1 (1.6)

13.0 (1.7)

12.6 (2.6)

13.0 (2.1)

12.8 (1.7)

   Age at menopause (years)

49.1 (4.8)

50.8 (3.3)

49.1 (3.7)

48.8 (2.5)

48.2 (4.3)

   Age at first birth (years)

26.0 (5.2)

34.6 (6.8)

22.8 (3.8)

31.0 (8.7)

25.4 (4.1)

   Number of live births

1.8 (1.5)

1.8 (1.5)

2.2 (1.6)

1.0 (1.0)

1.3 (1.4)

   Mammographic density (%)⁶

19.8 (18.5)

48.2 (8.9)

22.3 (24.6)

30.1 (23.8)

36.0 (22.1)

   CYP1A2 activity (CMR)⁷

5.7 (2.2)

8.9 (1.8)

3.5 (1.7)

6.6 (2.8)

-

Hormones

   Estradiol (pmol/l)

44.6 (91.1)

31.8 (14.3)

27.9 (10.6)

51.1 (33.4)

72.6 (117.5)

   Free estradiol (%)

2.6 (0.6)

2.4 (0.5)

2.4 (0.6)

2.7 (0.4)

2.2 (0.7)

   SHBG (nmol/l)

41.0 (22.2)

47.8 (16.8)

47.6 (22.3)

36.9 (14.8)

54.2 (26.5)

   IGF-1 (ng/ml)

127.8 (33.0)

126.7 (42.6)

137.0 (34.7)

137.3 (36.6)

139.3 (37.5)

   IGFBP-3 (mg/l)

2.8 (0.5)

2.6 (0.4)

3.0 (0.5)

2.8 (0.4)

2.8 (0.6)

   Insulin (pmol/l)

77.1 (46.4)

78.6 (46.7)

91.3 (40.1)

103.7 (53.9)

75.9 (52.9)

Nutritional variables

   Caffeine intake (mg/day)

193.0 (117.3)

179.0 (147.6)

93.0 (59.4)

118.5 (73.2)

9.0 (9.7)

   Total energy intake (kcal/day)

1779.7 (491.1)

1884.7 (646.4)

1234.3 (215.3)

1579.8 (274.3)

1648.0 (523.3)

Blood lipids

   Total cholesterol (mmol/l)

5.6 (0.8)

5.7 (0.7)

5.4 (1.0)

5.6 (0.9)

5.2 (1.1)

   Triglycerides (mmol/l)

1.5 (0.8)

1.4 (0.8)

1.8 (0.9)

1.4 (0.6)

1.2 (0.5)