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Figure 4 | Breast Cancer Research

Figure 4

From: Transglutaminase 2 facilitates the distant hematogenous metastasis of breast cancer by modulating interleukin-6 in cancer cells

Figure 4

TG2-knocked-down and IL-6-knocked-down breast cancer cells revealed decreased tumor formation and distant metastasis. (a) Control and TG2-knocked-down MDA-MB-231 cells (2 × 105 cells/each mouse) were injected in the fatpads of NOG mice. The growth of primary tumors was measured. (b) Control and IL-6-knocked-down MDA-MB-231 cells (2 × 105 cells/each mouse) were injected in the fatpads of NOG mice. The growth of primary tumors was measured. (a, b) Data are given as mean ± SD of 14 mice for each group from two independent experiments. (c, d) At 45 days after the inoculation of cancer cells, the mice were killed, and the primary tumor masses in the fatpads and distant metastases in the liver, lung, and other organs were analyzed. (c) Tumor formation in the fatpads of mice xenografted with MDA-MB-231 cells. (d) Lung sections from mice xenografted with MDA-MB-231 cells were obtained and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (original magnification, ×200). (c, d) Data shown are representatives of each group. IL-6, interleukin 6; NOG, NOD/scid/IL-2Rγ chain-deficient; SD, standard deviation; TG2, transglutaminase 2.

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