Adipokines, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and breast cancer recurrence: a cohort study

Breast Cancer Research

Table 2 Adjusted hazard ratio for metabolic syndrome and its components, according to estrogen/progesterone receptor status

	ER/PR-negative				ER/PR-positive
	Model 1*		Model 2†		Model 1*		Model 2†
	Hazard Ratio		Hazard Ratio		Hazard Ratio		Hazard Ratio
	(95% CI)	P -value	(95% CI)	P -value	(95% CI)	P- value	(95% CI)	P -value
Components of metabolic syndrome
High Blood Pressure‡	0.86 (0.44 to 1.65)	0.645	0.76 (0.37 to 1.57)	0.457	0.69 (0.36 to 1.31)	0.260	0.88 (0.45 to 1.75)	0.721
Obesity§	1.31 (0.72 to 2.37)	0.371	1.01 (0.51 to 2.01)	0.963	0.83 (0.42 to 1.61)	0.573	1.03 (0.50 to 2.12)	0.931
Hyperglycemia ∥	1.17 (0.65 to 2.12)	0.599	0.81 (0.41 to 1.59)	0.539	0.48 (0.26 to 0.89)	0.020	0.49 (0.24 to 1.03)	0.058
Decreased HDL cholesterol¶	1.64 (0.87 to 3.11)	0.128	1.13 (0.56 to 2.28)	0.733	1.06 (0.49 to 2.29)	0.881	1.15 (0.49 to 2.69)	0.750
Elevated Triglycerides**	1.80 (0.93 to 3.47)	0.080	1.17 (0.57 to 2.21)	0.749	1.64 (0.87 to 3.10)	0.129	1.82 (0.89 to 3.72)	0.101
No. of components of metabolic syndrome
0	Reference		Reference		Reference		Reference
1	0.81 (0.22 to 2.90)		0.57 (0.15 to 2.15)		2.99 (0.69 to 12.96)		2.28 (0.51 to 10.12)
2	1.09 (0.35 to 3.39)	0.044††	0.67 (0.20 to 2.24)	0.590††	1.68 (0.36 to 7.75)	0.575††	1.85 (0.39 to 8.68)	0.800††
≥3	1.95 (0.66 to 5.71)		0.96 (0.29 to 3.18)		1.72 (0.37 to 7.99)		1.95 (0.40 to 9.48)

*In model 1, hazard ratios were calculated with the use of Cox regression after adjustment for age (<40, 40 to 49, 50 to 59, or ≥60 years), alcohol consumption (none, 0.1 to 6.9, or ≥7.0 g/day), regional lymph node metastasis (negative or positive), tumor size (<2 cm or ≥2 cm), and chemotherapy (yes or no).
†Model 2 was adjusted for the factors in Model 1 plus adiponectin and HOMA-IR.
‡High blood pressure was defined if systolic/diastolic blood pressure ≥130/85 mmHg or receiving drug treatment.
§Obesity was defined if Body Mass Index ≥25 kg/m².
∥Hyperglycemia was defined as fasting glucose ≥100 mg/dl or receiving drug treatment.
¶Decreased HDL cholesterol as defined if HDL cholesterol <50 mg/dl or receiving drug treatment.
**Elevated triglycerides was defined if triglycerides ≥150 mg/dl or receiving drug treatment
††P-value for trend was calculated to check the trend of the hazard ratio for breast cancer recurrence according to the number of components of metabolic syndrome.

ISSN: 1465-542X